A method worth keeping close.

Charlie Munger · illustrated avatarCharlie MungerAnalytical perspectiveCM-P01

PRODUCT ADVISORY COUNCIL

Use complementary models

Place the facts within complementary models instead of explaining every problem through your familiar specialty.

Product Advisory Council · Method card
Charlie Munger · illustrated avatarCharlie MungerAnalytical perspectiveCM-P01

The method

Use complementary models

Place the facts within complementary models instead of explaining every problem through your familiar specialty.

When to use it

  • The problem spans technology, behavior and business mechanisms.

Ask yourself

  • Which discipline or mechanism does our explanation omit, and could it change the conclusion?

Put it into action

  • Examine resource constraints, probability, incentives and psychological influences separately.
  • Write observable predictions for the leading explanations and use facts to rule out models that do not fit.

Keep these limits in mind

  • An analogy is not causal evidence; piling up terminology cannot replace validation.
  • Models may conflict: state their assumptions and the evidence that would distinguish them.
Method summary · Not a personal quote

An analytical method adapted from the public skill package, not a reply or endorsement by the person represented.
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